A common cause of lower back in many of the adolescent athletes we see here is a condition that sometimes may not show any symptoms at all. Spondylolysis, or a Pars defect, can affect about one in every 20 people, with some children being born with the condition.
What is Spondylolysis?
Spondylolysis is a stress fracture most often found in the lowest vertebra of the lower (lumbar) spine.
People may have a weakened area in their spine that can predispose them to an injury or fracture as they become more active and play more intense sports. Kids, teens, and young adults, especially those who participate in sports that involve excessive or repetitive bending backward may increase the risk of spondylolysis
What are the symptoms of Spondylolysis?
Sometimes spondylolysis does not cause any symptoms and you may find out that you or your child have it if imaging is done for an entirely separate condition.
When symptoms do show, it can include:
- Low back pain on one, or both sides of your spine
- Tightness in your lower back muscles
- Pain when extending backwards
- Pain that can radiate down your lower extremities to your toes
- Numbness or tingling in your lower extremities.
How is Spondylolysis diagnosed?
X-rays may demonstrate a fracture line, but do not always catch this problem. MRIs, CTs, and sometimes a nuclear medicine bone scan may be ordered for more details.
How can Spondylolysis be treated?
Treatment usually consists of rest for extended periods of time, bracing, and flexion-biased strengthening with a physical therapist. Return to sport is very gradual in order to prevent exacerbations.
In serious situations spine surgery may be required.